The Cardiovascular Pages!
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Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure (CHF) (also called congestive cardiac failure and heart failure) is the inability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body, or requiring elevated filling pressures in order to pump effectively.
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High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is a medical condition where the blood pressure is chronically elevated. Persistent high blood pressure is one of the risk factors for strokes, heart attacks and heart failure, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure. Often, physical symptoms of high blood pressure in basic hypertension are not pressent and discovered by healthcare professionals prior to any symptoms being noticed during a regular checkup.
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Mitral Valve Prolapse
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve condition marked by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. In its nonclassic form, MVP carries a low risk of complications. In severe cases of classic MVP, complications include mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis, and — in rare circumstances — cardiac arrest usually resulting in sudden death.
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Low Blood Pressure
In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it.
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Heart Attack
Ischaemic heart disease is a disease characterized by reduced blood supply to the heart. It is the most common cause of death in most western countries, and is commonly referred to as a heart attack.
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Coronary Heart Disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherosclerotic heart disease, is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium (the muscle of the heart). While the symptoms and signs of coronary heart disease are noted in the advanced state of disease, most individuals with coronary heart disease would have evidence of disease decades before the first symptoms arise. After decades of progression, some of these atheromatous plaques may rupture and (along with the activation of the blood clotting system) start limiting blood flow to the heart muscle. Current views are that an inflammatory process of the lining of the arteries, though poorly understood in specifics, promotes the disease progression.
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Angina
The pain associated with very advanced Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is known as angina, and usually presents as a sensation of pressure in the chest, arm pain, jaw pain, and other forms of discomfort. The word discomfort is preferred over the word pain for describing the sensation of angina, because it varies considerably among individuals in character and intensity and most people do not perceive angina as painful, unless it is severe. There is evidence that angina and CHD present differently in women and men.
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